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1.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 43(4): 149-158, 13 dec. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229968

RESUMO

Introducción: El síndrome de Burnout o agotamiento profesional aparece como una respuesta al estrés crónico en eltrabajo, con secuelas negativas a nivel individual y general. Objetivo: Determinar la presencia del síndrome de bur-nout, estado nutricional y conducta alimentaria en los traba-jadores de la salud. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y observacional. Para identificar la presencia del síndrome de Burnout se aplicó el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory.La evaluación del estado nutricional se realizó por medio dela toma de datos antropométricos y la conducta alimentaria se identificó con el cuestionario semi-cuantitativo de frecuen-cia de consumo de alimentos. Resultados: La muestra de investigación estuvo constituida por 142 mujeres y 91 varones que representaron el60,9% y 39,1% respectivamente. La conducta alimentaria secaracterizó por un consumo insuficiente de lácteos, hortalizas,frutas, carnes, panes y cereales. Con respecto a las caracte-rísticas antropométricas relacionadas al estado nutricional seencontró que el mayor porcentaje de investigados presentanuna prevalencia de exceso de peso del 78% y un riesgo car-diovascular del 91%. En las 3 subescalas que valora la pre-sencia del síndrome de burnout se pudo observar que tantoen los componentes de cansancio emocional y despersonali-zación son bajos, reflejando un 60,9% y 53,6% respectiva-mente. Mientras que la dimensión de realización personal esalta, evidenciando un 63,1%.Conclusiones: En la población de estudio no existen indicios de presencia de síndrome de burnout, sin embargo, un menor porcentaje de trabajadores de la salud presentan can-sancio emocional (19,3%), despersonalización (25,8%) ybaja realización personal (19,7%). Por lo cual se recomienda, buscar estrategias para reducir la carga administrativa y disminuir el nivel de agotamiento laboral en quienes lo padeceny prevenirlo en aquellos que presenten factores de riesgo (AU)


Introduction: Burnout syndrome or professional exhaustion appears as a response to chronic stress at work, withnegative consequences at an individual and general level. Objective: Determine the presence of burnout syndrome, nutritional status and eating behavior in health workers. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study. To identify the presence of Burnout syndrome, the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire was applied. To assess the nutritional status, anthropometric datawere taken and eating behavior was identified with the semi-quantitative questionnaire on frequency of food consumption. Results: The research sample consisted of 142 womenand 91 men who represented 60.9% and 39.1% respectively. The eating behavior was characterized by an insufficient con-sumption of dairy products, vegetables, fruits, meats, breadsand cereals. Regarding the anthropometric characteristics re-lated to nutritional status, it was found that the highest per-centage of those investigated had a prevalence of excessweight of 78% and a cardiovascular risk of 91%. In the 3 sub-scales that assess the presence of burnout syndrome, it wasobserved that both the emotional exhaustion and deperson-alization components are low, reflecting 60.9% and 53.6%respectively. While the dimension of personal fulfillment ishigh, evidencing 63.1%.Conclusions: In the study population there are no indica-tions of the presence of burnout syndrome, however, a lowerpercentage of health workers present emotional exhaustion(19.3%), depersonalization (25.8%) and low personal fulfillment (19.7%). Therefore, it is recommended to seek strategies to reduce the administrative burden and reduce the levelof job burnout in those who suffer from it and prevent it inthose who present risk factors (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Esgotamento Psicológico/psicologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Estudos Transversais
2.
Clín. investig. ginecol. obstet. (Ed. impr.) ; 50(3): [100860], Jul-Sep. 2023. mapas, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223307

RESUMO

Introducción: Comparar los niveles de vitamina D maternos con la zona de residencia o el consumo de pescado, así como su relación con el peso, la longitud y el perímetro craneal de los bebés. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte de 100 parejas madre-hijo (n=100) de la provincia de Sevilla (Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío y Hospital Universitario de Valme). En muestras de sangre materna (edad gestacional≥40 semanas) se han medido los niveles de 25(OH)D mediante quimioluminiscencia. Las medidas antropométricas de los bebés se realizaron mediante métodos estándares. Resultados: Con relación a los niveles de vitamina D, 54% presentaban valores deficientes, 26% insuficientes y 20% valores suficientes. Tras un análisis de regresión múltiple, se observa que no hay diferencia significativa entre niveles de vitamina D maternos, la longitud y el perímetro cefálico de los bebés, sin embargo, sí con el peso al nacer (p<0,05). Al aplicarse la T-Student y el test Wilcoxon, no hay relación entre niveles de vitamina D y el área de residencia ni con el consumo de pescado materno (ambos p>0,05). Conclusiones: El 80% de madres presentan valores deficientes e insuficientes de vitamina D. No hay correlación entre este parámetro y la longitud y perímetro cefálico del bebé, observándose correlación negativa con el peso al nacer. Tampoco se observa correlación entre la zona de residencia o el consumo de pescado y niveles de vitamina D en madres. Sugerimos complementos en dieta de madres gestantes y seguimiento de los niveles de vitamina D en los bebés.(AU)


Introduction: To compare maternal vitamin D levels with the area of residence or the consumption of fish, as well as its relationship with the weight, length and cranial perimeter of babies. Materials and methods: Cohort of 100 mother–child pairs (n=100) from the province of Seville (Virgen del Rocío University Hospital and Valme University Hospital). In maternal blood samples (gestational age≥40 weeks) 25(OH)D levels have been measured by chemiluminescence. Anthropometric measurements of the babies were made using standard methods. Results: Regarding vitamin D levels, 54% had deficient values, 26% insufficient and 20% sufficient values. After a multiple regression analysis, it is observed that there is no significant difference between maternal vitamin D levels, the length and the cephalic perimeter of the babies, however, there is a difference with the birth weight (P<.05). When applying the t-Student and the Wilcoxon test, there is no relationship between vitamin D levels and the area of residence or with maternal fish consumption (both P>.05). Conclusions: Eighty percent of mothers present deficient and insufficient values of vitamin D. There is no correlation between this parameter and the length and cephalic perimeter of the baby, observing a negative correlation with birth weight. No correlation was observed between the area of residence or the consumption of fish and vitamin D levels in mothers. We suggest dietary supplements for pregnant mothers and monitoring of vitamin D levels in babies.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Vitamina D/sangue , Proteínas de Peixes , Recém-Nascido , Antropometria , 24439 , Dieta , Espanha , Estudos de Coortes
3.
Rev. mex. trastor. aliment ; 10(1): 42-52, Jan.-Jun. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004316

RESUMO

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la relación de la ingesta alimentaria (IA) y la composición corporal (CMC) con el síndrome metabólico (SM) entre estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 50 alumnos (56% mujeres) de entre 19 y 25 años de edad (M = 20.58, DE = 1.86), quienes completaron un cuestionario dirigido a evaluar IA, además se recabaron parámetros bioquímicos y de CMC. De acuerdo con el porcentaje de grasa corporal (PG), se identificó una alta ocurrencia de sobrepeso (22%) y obesidad (38%). Además, la grasa visceral incrementó conforme aumentó el PG. En ambos sexos existió un consumo bajo de hidratos de carbono y alto en lípidos, mayormente de origen animal, así como alto consumo de grasas saturadas, pero bajo de omegas 3 y 6. El SM fue identificado en 20% de la muestra, principalmente mujeres. El criterio de riesgo más frecuente fue los bajos niveles séricos de colesterol HDL, seguido de la obesidad abdominal; en tanto que la dislipidemia más frecuente fue la hipertrigliceridemia. En este estudio, aunque no se encontró relación directa entre IA y SM, si de éste con indicadores de CMC. Resulta inminente la necesidad de implementar estrategias que permitan a los estudiantes universitarios adquirir hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física saludables.


Abstract The objective of this study was to know the relationship between dietary intake (DI) and body composition (BC) with the metabolic syndrome (MS) among university students. A total of 50 students (56% female) among 19 and 25 years of age (M = 20.58, SD = 1.86), completed a questionnaire aimed at assessing DI, in addition biochemical and BC parameters were collected. According to the percentage of body fat (BF), a high prevalence of overweight (22%) and obesity (38%) was identified. In addition, visceral fat increased as the BF increased. In both sexes, there was a low consumption of carbohydrates and high in lipids, mostly of animal fat as well as high consumption of saturated fats, but low omegas 3 y 6. The MS was identified in 20% of the sample, mainly in women. The most frequently risk criteria were low levels of HDL cholesterol, followed by abdominal obesity; whereas the most frequent dyslipidemia was hypertriglyceridemia. In this study, although no direct relationship was found between DI and MS, it was found between MS and BC indicators. It is imminent the need to implement strategies that allow university students to acquire healthy eating and physical activity habits.

4.
Rev. electron ; 42(5)Sept-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-75571

RESUMO

Fundamento: la enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis se asocia a un inadecuado estado de nutrición. Objetivo: caracterizar el estado nutricional de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, atendidos en la unidad de hemodiálisis del hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech, provincia de Camagüey, de septiembre de 2015 a septiembre de 2016.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal del estado nutricional de los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica, atendidos en el servicio de hemodiálisis del hospital y período de tiempo ya declarados. De un universo de 135 pacientes se seleccionó una muestra de 60, según criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La valoración nutricional se basó en parámetros antropométricos: peso corporal postdiálisis, talla, circunferencia braquial, pliegue cutáneo tricipital, índice de masa corporal, circunferencia muscular braquial y área muscular del brazo; y en parámetros bioquímicos como el hematocrito, colesterol, triglicéridos, albúmina, proteínas totales, hierro sérico y creatinina. Resultados: en la muestra predominaron los pacientes de 50-60 años (35 por ciento) y de sexo masculino, con más incidencia de desnutrición en los mayores de 60 años (73,3 por ciento), en las formas leves y moderadas para los hombres y severa para las mujeres. El 63,3 por ciento de los pacientes presentó algún tipo de desnutrición. Los marcadores bioquímicos manifestaron deterioro al avanzar el tiempo en hemodiálisis. De las enfermedades asociadas a la desnutrición la hepatitis C fue mayoritaria (78,3 por ciento), seguida de las infecciones (28,3 por ciento). Conclusiones: predominó la desnutrición calórica. El grado de desnutrición reveló correlación positiva con: el rango de edad, el tiempo en hemodiálisis, las frecuencias de las enfermedades asociadas y el empeoramiento de los valores medios de los marcadores bioquímicos(AU)


Background: chronic kidney disease in hemodialysis it associated with an inadequate state of nutrition. Objective: to characterize the nutritional state of patients with chronic kidney disease attended to at the hemodialysis unit of the Manuel Ascunce Domenech Hospital of the province of Camagüey, from September 2015 to September 2016. Methods: a descriptive and transversal study was conducted on the nutritional state of patients with chronic kidney disease attended to at the hemodialysis unit of the aforementioned hospital and during the period herein declared. Out of a universe of 135 patients a sample of 60 was selected, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The nutritional assessment was based on anthropometric parameters: postdialysis body weight, size, brachial circumference, triceps skin fold, body mass index and arm muscle area; as well as on biochemical parameters such as hematocrit, cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin, total proteins, serum iron and creatinine.Results: in the sample there was a prevalence in the 50 to 60 age group (35 percent) and of the male sex, with a higher incidence of malnutrition in patients older than 65 years (73,3 percent). The slight and moderate forms prevailed in men and the severe form prevailed in women. 63,3 percent of the patients presented some type of malnutrition. The biochemical markers showed a deterioration as the time of hemodialysis progressed. Of the diseases associated with malnutrition hepatitis C was the highest one (78, 3 percent), followed by infections (28,3 percent). Conclusions: caloric malnutrition prevailed. The degree of malnutrition revealed a positive correlation with age, hemodialysis time, frequency of the associated diseases and deterioration in the average values of the biochemical markers(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Epidemiologia Descritiva
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 84(4): 218-23, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26542773

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Foetal malnutrition (FM) is the result of a loss or failure of intrauterine acquisition of the correct amount of fat and muscle mass, with short and long term implications. As the diagnosis of FM is essentially clinical, the aim of this study is to detect the incidence of FM using the Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status (CANS) score, and compare the results with the classic anthropometric parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective population of term infants was studied between 2003 and 2014 (n=14,477). They were classified into adequate weight (AGA), small weight (SGA) and large weight (LGA) for gestational age newborns. The CANS score was performed on all infants enrolled in the study, and the ponderal index (PI) was calculated, considering an FM cut off value of a CANS score <25 and PI <2.2g/cm(3). RESULTS: Using the CANS score, 7.6% (n 1,101) of the population showed FM, 50.3% (n=538) of SGA, 76.2% (n=193) subgroup 24 in 49% with PI <2.2g/cm(3) (n=109) CONCLUSIONS: It is worthwhile identifying all newborns with FM due to the risks they may have in the short and long term. CANS score assessment allows a better identification of nutritional status of infants than only using the curves of weight for gestational age.


Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Peso ao Nascer , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(3): 831-834, Sept. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-762550

RESUMO

This study compared anthropometric parameters among different military sports. One hundred and seventy male cadets of the Brazilian Air Force Academy, who were participants of athletics (n= 33, 20.5±1.3 years), basketball (n= 11, 19.9±1.8 years), fencing (n= 10, 19.9±0.7 years), soccer (n= 21, 20.9±1.6 years), judo (n= 17, 20.7±1.0 years), swimming (n= 15, 20.4±1.2 years), orienteering (n= 10, 21.3±1.6 years), military pentathlon (n= 11, 20.7±1.2 years), water polo (n=10, 21.1±0.9 years), shooting (n= 18, 21.3±1.2 years) or volleyball (n= 14, 20.9±1.7 years) military competitive teams, participated in this study. Height, body mass, body mass index, fat percentage, lean body mass, fat mass, waist and hip perimeters, and waist-hip ratio were measured. Main effects were detected for height, body mass, body mass index, lean body mass, waist and hip perimeters. The only significant finding was that orienteers present lower lean body mass than volleyball and water polo players. These results point out the homogeneity of group anthropometric parameters (except lean body mass), suggesting that military coaches do not rely on the anthropometric parameters, but on specific skills demonstrated during initial period of practice to choose athletes for their teams.


Este estudio comparó los parámetros antropométricos entre cadetes que practican diferentes deportes militares. Ciento setenta cadetes hombres de la Academia de la Fuerza Aérea, que eran participantes de equipos militares competitivos de atletismo (n= 33, 20,5±1,3 años), baloncesto (n= 11, 19,9±1,8 años), esgrima (n= 10, 19,9±0,7 años), fútbol (n=21, 20,9±1,6 años), judo (n= 17, 20,7±1,0 años), natación (n= 15, 20,4±1,2 años), orientación (n= 10, 21,3±1,6 años), pentatlón militar (n= 11, 20,7±1,2 años), polo acuático (n= 10, 21,1±0,9 años), tiro (n= 18, 21,3±1,2 años) y voleibol (n= 14, 20,9±1,7 años) participaron en este estudio. Se midió la altura, masa corporal, índice de masa corporal, porcentaje de grasa corporal, masa magra, masa grasa, perímetros de cintura y cadera, y la relación cintura-cadera. No se detectaron variaciones de altura, masa corporal, índice de masa corporal, masa magra corporal, perímetro de cintura y cadera. El único hallazgo significativo fue que los orientadores tenían una masa corporal magra más baja que los jugadores de voléibol y polo acuático. Estos resultados apuntan a la homogeneidad de los parámetros antropométricos en grupos (excepto la masa magra), lo que sugiere que los instructores militares no dependen de los parámetros antropométricos, sino de las habilidades específicas demostradas durante el período de la práctica inicial en la selección de los atletas para sus equipos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Antropometria , Militares , Esportes , Composição Corporal , Brasil
7.
Medisan ; 14(3)mar.-abr. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-576591

RESUMO

Se efectuó un estudio prospectivo y longitudinal de 77 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica dependientes de hemodiálisis, atendidos en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba desde octubre de 2007 hasta abril de 2008, a fin de evaluar su estado nutricional según el método de Chang y brindar soporte nutricional con suplementos de producción nacional (nutrial 1-2) y ADN hiperproteico. Los resultados evidenciaron una mejoría en el índice de riesgo nutricional y se modificaron los parámetros antropométricos e inmunológicos, lo cual posibilitó que se incrementara la calidad de vida de los integrantes de la serie.


A prospective and longitudinal study was carried out in 77 patients with renal chronic disease dependent on hemodialysis, attended in the Nephrology Service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from October, 2007 to April, 2008, in order to evaluate their nutritional state according to Chang's method and to provide nutritional support with national production supplements (nutrial 1-2) and hyperproteic DNA. Results showed an improvement in nutritional risk index and immunologic and anthropometric parameters were modified, contributing to the increase of the life quality in patients of the series.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Desnutrição , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Atenção Secundária à Saúde , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
Medisan ; 14(3)mar.-abr. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-43146

RESUMO

Se efectuó un estudio prospectivo y longitudinal de 77 pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica dependientes de hemodiálisis, atendidos en el Servicio de Nefrología del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba desde octubre de 2007 hasta abril de 2008, a fin de evaluar su estado nutricional según el método de Chang y brindar soporte nutricional con suplementos de producción nacional (nutrial 1-2) y ADN hiperproteico. Los resultados evidenciaron una mejoría en el índice de riesgo nutricional y se modificaron los parámetros antropométricos e inmunológicos, lo cual posibilitó que se incrementara la calidad de vida de los integrantes de la serie(AU)


A prospective and longitudinal study was carried out in 77 patients with renal chronic disease dependent on hemodialysis, attended in the Nephrology Service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from October, 2007 to April, 2008, in order to evaluate their nutritional state according to Chang's method and to provide nutritional support with national production supplements (nutrial 1-2) and hyperproteic DNA. Results showed an improvement in nutritional risk index and immunologic and anthropometric parameters were modified, contributing to the increase of the life quality in patients of the series(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Diálise Renal , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Qualidade de Vida , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Desnutrição , Atenção Secundária à Saúde , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Longitudinais
9.
Brasília méd ; 47(1)abr. 2010. tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-545694

RESUMO

Introdução. O envelhecimento e algumas características físicas estão relacionados à redução da força muscular. Objetivo. Avaliar o efeito de idade, peso corporal, estatura e índice de massa corporal na força muscular de homens sedentários e independentes com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Método. Foram avaliadas, em 250 homens idosos, as variáveis antropométricas e as forças musculares de preensão manual, da coluna lombar e dos membros inferiores. Empregaram-se a estatística descritiva, o teste t de Student, o coeficiente de Pearson e Spearman e a análise de regressão linear multivariada. Resultados. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos testes de força muscular entre os homens com idade superior a 70 anos e aqueles de 60 a 64 anos e os outros com idade de 65 a 69 anos. Houve correlação negativa entre a idade e os dados antropométricos e os resultados dos testes de força muscular aferidos. Não houve correlação entre o teste de sentar e levantar e as variáveis antropométricas. Os testes de preensão palmar e dinamometria lombar tiveram correlações positivas com os parâmetros antropométricos. A idade compôs todos os modelos de regressão para explicar a variabilidade dos testes de força muscular. O peso corporal entrou no modelo de regressão dos testes de preensão palmar esquerda e dinamometria lombar e a estatura compôs o modelo de regressão para os testes de preensão palmar direita e esquerda. Conclusão. A idade correlacionou-se com todos os testes de força muscular. As variáveis antropométricas tiveram correlação significativa apenas com a dinamometria lombar e de preensão palmar direita e esquerda.


Introduction. Aging and some physical characteristics are related to reduction of muscle strength. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and anthropometric features on muscle strength in sedentary and ambulant older men. Method. Two hundred and fifty older men were evaluated by height, weight, body mass index, and measured hand grip strength, lumbar muscle strength and lower limb muscle strength. Results. The older group (more than 70 years old) had lower strength. Age was negatively correlated to anthropometric measures and all muscle strength tests. There were no correlations between thirty seconds chair-stand test and anthropometric features. There were positive correlations between hand grip strength and lumbar muscle strength tests and anthropometric variables. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age explained the variability of all muscle strength measured. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that body weight also correlated left hand grip and lumbar strength. Height was related to right and left hand grip strength. Conclusion. Age, body weight, height and body mass index were correlated to hand grip strength and lumbar muscle strength. The thirty seconds chair-stand test was related only to age.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antropologia Física , Antropometria , Aptidão Física , Composição Corporal , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Senescência Celular
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